The LoTi assessment has undergone extensive research over the past 20 years and has emerged as a statistically-valid tool achieving (1) content, (2) construct, and (3) criterion validity; therefore proving that the LoTi assessment can be used to accurately diagnose instructional uses of technology and recommend professional development priorities consistent with 21st Century Skills and the NETS-T and NETS-A.

• Content Validity: Original LoTi Questionnaire (1995)
• Construct Validity: LoTi DETAILS Questionnaire (2006)
• Criterion Validity: LoTi Digital-Age Survey (2009)

Content Validity: Original LoTi Questionnaire (1995)
In 1995, shortly after Dr. Chris Moersch developed the original LoTi Framework and LoTi Questionnaire instrument, a team of instructional technology professionals evaluated the LoTi Questionnaire for content validity. Content validity was established through a representative item sampling of the survey's different content domains.

Construct Validity: LoTi DETAILS Questionnaire (2006)
In Spring, 2006, the standard (inservice teacher) version of the LoTi Questionnaire was the topic of an extensive validation study conducted by Dr. Jill Stoltzfus at Temple University in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. This validation study focused on an expanded version of the original LoTi Questionnaire (LoTi DETAILS Questionnaire) that could be used to capture the depth of teachers' professional development needs.

Criterion Validity: LoTi Digital-Age Survey (2009)
The LoTi Digital-Age survey was the topic of a criterion-based validation study conducted by Dr. Jill Stoltzfus in the Fall of 2009. This study focused on comparing aggregate results from the most current version of the LoTi assessment (LoTi Digital-Age Survey) with results from another instructional technology survey, the Texas School Technology and Readiness (STaR) assessment.

State departments of education, regional service centers, and school districts alike are encouraged to consider using the free LoTi Digital-Age Survey to assess the Level of Teaching Innovation (LoTi) aligned with ISTE's NETS-T and NETS-A. The LoTi Digital-Age Survey provides each participant with an empirically-validated tool that creates a personalized professional development profile based on their survey responses.

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